He also prayed before him before his embarking on war to regain the territories in and around Kanchi and Arcot from the waning Rashtrakutas and while leading expeditions against both Madurai and Ilam (Sri Lanka). The temples acted not only as places of worship but also as centres of economic activity, benefiting the community as a whole. [177][185][pageneeded] The Brihadisvara Temple, the temple of Gangaikondacholisvaram and the Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram were declared as World Heritage Sites by the UNESCO and are referred to as the Great living Chola temples. [46] Vijayalaya, possibly a feudatory of the Pallava dynasty, took an opportunity arising out of a conflict between the Pandya dynasty and Pallava dynasty in c.850, captured Thanjavur from Muttarayar, and established the imperial line of the medieval Chola Dynasty. [82][91] In the early 16th century, Virasekhara Chola, king of Tanjore rose out of obscurity and plundered the dominions of the then Pandya prince in south. "Chola" redirects here. [citation needed], Sandilyan, another popular Tamil novelist, wrote Kadal Pura in the 1960s. There was more involvement of non-Brahmin elements in the temple administration. [102] The Chola dynasty was divided into several provinces called mandalams which were further divided into valanadus, which were subdivided into units called kottams or kutrams. It is used quite a lot in Mexico. It can be considered an iteration of the name Elizabeth. Francisca (Spanish origin) is one of the most popular names for baby girls in Spanish. However, this invasion gravely weakened the Srivijayan hegemony and enabled the formation of regional kingdoms. This name would have reminded you of that one friend of yours with anger issues. Afterwards the records of the transaction was drawn up and attested by a number of witnesses who were either local magnates or government officers. Hermosa means 'beautiful'. [j] Roman ships found their way into these ports. [104], In almost all villages the distinction between persons paying the land-tax (iraikudigal) and those who did not was clearly established. Kidadl cannot accept liability for the execution of these ideas, and parental supervision is advised at all times, as safety is paramount. Committees like eri-variyam (tank-committee) and totta-variam (garden committees) were active as also the temples with their vast resources in land, men and money. The government at this time had a large land revenue department, consisting of several tiers, which was largely concerned with maintaining accounts. Juana can be considered the Spanish counterpart of English names Jane or Joanna. [202], Kamban flourished during the reign of Kulothunga III. Marital and political alliances between the Eastern Chalukyas began during the reign of Rajaraja following his invasion of Vengi. Then those articles will never go to your enemies. [116][117] According to the ancient Tamil text Silappadikaram, the Tamil kings defended their forts with catapults that threw stones, huge cauldrons of boiling water or molten lead, and hooks, chains and traps. Please note: prices are correct and items are available at the time the article was published. [122], The Chola navy was the zenith of ancient India sea power. Anyone using the information provided by Kidadl does so at their own risk and we can not accept liability if things go wrong. During Chola's governance, the entire southern region was brought under a single governing force. [139] The Vellalar community was the dominant secular aristocratic caste under the Chola rulers, providing the courtiers, most of the army officers, the lower ranks of the bureaucracy and the upper layer of the peasantry. Accordingly, Devi seems to have cursed her and due to t. It is quite an adorable name for girls. [137][138] Agriculture was the principal occupation for many people. It is quite a popular name as it is simple and easy to pronounce. The Kidadl Team is made up of people from different walks of life, from different families and backgrounds, each with unique experiences and nuggets of wisdom to share with you. The fortifications were mostly made up of bricks but other materials like stone, wood and mud were also used. It had four elements, comprising the cavalry, the elephant corps, several divisions of infantry and a navy. The increase in the royal patronage and also the number of devadana and bramadeya lands which increased the role of the temples and village assemblies in the field. The term, sometimes used disparagingly, is derived from early Spanish and Mexican usage and denotes marginalization. The market structure and economic policies of the Chola dynasty were more conducive to a large-scale, cross-regional market trade than those enacted by the Chinese Song Dynasty. [156] Towards the end of the 9th century, southern India had developed extensive maritime and commercial activity. Rajaraja Chola's daughter married Chalukya prince Vimaladitya[75] and Rajendra Chola's daughter Ammanga Devi was married to the Eastern Chalukya prince Rajaraja Narendra. We also link to other websites, but are not responsible for their content. [47], The Western Chalukya Empire under Satyashraya and Someshvara I tried to wriggle out of Chola domination from time to time, primarily due to the Chola influence in the Vengi kingdom. It is quite a cool name. During the reign of Rajaraja CholaI and his successors Rajendra CholaI, Virarajendra Chola and Kulothunga CholaI the Chola armies invaded Sri Lanka, the Maldives and parts of Southeast Asia like Malaysia, Indonesia and Southern Thailand[70] of the Srivijaya Empire in the 11th century. We will always aim to give you accurate information at the date of publication - however, information does change, so its important you do your own research, double-check and make the decision that is right for your family. The Chola admirals commanded much respect and prestige. It is often considered to be a name inspired by the work of William Shakespeare. (8 votes) Very easy. [68], On the other hand, from 1150 CE to 1280 CE, Pandya became the staunchest opponents of the Cholas and tried to win independence for their traditional territories. [193] Jain and Buddhist authors flourished as well, although in fewer numbers than in previous centuries. They were not swayed by the rise of Buddhism and Jainism as were the kings of the Pallava and Pandya dynasties. Well send you tons of inspiration to help you find a hidden gem in your local area or plan a big day out. Name of Chola Rulers (Kings) Period of Rule. Moreover, under Chola's protection, Veng remained largely independent. Some scholars identify Kulothunga Chola II with Krimikanta Chola or worm-necked Chola, so called as he is said to have suffered from cancer of the throat or neck. [36][45], Vijayalaya was the founder of the Imperial Chola dynasty which was the beginning of one of the most splendid empires in Indian history. La Tamalona is actually a Columbian name that is quite similar to the name Tamale, which is generally used to call a girl who is robust and has terrible fashion sense. [159][160] The Tang dynasty of China, the Srivijaya empire under the Sailendras, and the Abbasid Kalifat at Baghdad were the main trading partners. [137] These were the Vellalar community who formed the nobility or the landed aristocracy of the country and who were economically a powerful group. The Tirumukkudal inscription shows that a hospital was named after Vira Chola. [181] Architectural historian James Fergusson says that "the Chola artists conceived like giants and finished like jewelers". Chifla Culas is quite a cool nickname for girls. This word often forms an integral part of early Chola names like Nedunkilli, Nalankilli and so on, but almost drops out of use in later times. [123] The navy grew both in size and status during the medieval Cholas reign. [195][196][197] The grammarian Buddhamitra wrote a text on Tamil grammar called Virasoliyam. Sofa is quite a popular baby name across the globe. [194] Jivaka-chintamani by Tirutakkatevar and Sulamani by Tolamoli are among notable works by non-Hindu authors. Trade was carried on by merchants organised in guilds. [106], The order of the King was first communicated by the executive officer to the local authorities. Our recommended activities are based on age but these are a guide. They were also well known for their patronage to art. For example, the great temple complex at Prambanan in Indonesia exhibit a number of similarities with the South Indian architecture. The guilds described sometimes by the terms nanadesis were a powerful autonomous corporation of merchants which visited different countries in the course of their trade. It means they ruled for a time close to 1500 years, which makes them one of the oldest and longest-ruling . [127][clarification needed], One of the main articles which were exported to foreign countries were cotton cloth. Some prominent features of temple architecture in the Chola dynasty are enunciated here. Marana wrote Markandeya Purana in Telugu. [66] With the occupation of Dharwar in North Central Karnataka by the Hoysalas under Vishnuvardhana, where he based himself with his son NarasimhaI in-charge at the Hoysala capital Dwarasamudra around 1149, and with the Kalachuris occupying the Chalukyan capital for over 35 years from around 11501151, the Chalukya kingdom was already starting to dissolve. [76] Virarajendra Chola's son, Athirajendra Chola, was assassinated in a civil disturbance in 1070, and Kulothunga CholaI, the son of Ammanga Devi and Rajaraja Narendra, ascended the Chola throne. [101] Some of the output of villages throughout the kingdom was given to temples that reinvested some of the wealth accumulated as loans to the settlements. [217], ParantakaII was a devotee of the reclining Vishnu (Vadivu Azhagiya Nambi) at Anbil, on the banks of the Kaveri river on the outskirts of Tiruchy, to whom he gave numerous gifts and embellishments. By 1019, he also completely conquered the Rajarata kingdom of Sri Lanka and annexed it to the Chola empire. Chola dynasty, Chola also spelled Cola, South Indian Tamil rulers of unknown antiquity, antedating the early Sangam poems (c. 200 ce). His son Rajendra Chola further expanded the Cholar territory by sending a victorious expedition to North India that touched the river Ganges and defeating the Pala ruler of Pataliputra, Mahipala. [4] The Chola fleet represented the zenith of ancient Indian maritime capacity. [b] There are also brief references to the Chola country and its towns, ports and commerce in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (Periplus Maris Erythraei), and in the slightly later work of the geographer Ptolemy. The temples from this era and their writings are still used as evidence today. Uraiyur (now Tiruchchirappalli) was its oldest capital. If you purchase using the buy now button we may earn a small commission. [7], The Cholas succeeded in building the greatest thalassocratic empire in the history of India, thereby leaving a lasting legacy. [141] The prosperity of an agricultural country depends to a large extent on the facilities provided for irrigation. . 1. Vijayalay, the Chola ruler from about 850 to 870, began to . Kundavai (also transliterated as Kundhavai or Kunthavai) was born in 945 CE. Mona (Italian origin) means 'gorgeous'. [60] Rajendra's territories included the area falling on the Ganges-Hooghly-Damodar basin,[61] as well as Rajarata of Sri Lanka and Maldives. Welcome to the NicknameDB entry on chola nicknames! Guadalupe (Spanish origin) has a beautiful meaning 'mother of god'. [170], The Chola conquest of Kadaram (Kedah) and Srivijaya, and their continued commercial contacts with the Chinese Empire, enabled them to influence the local cultures. A girl with sapphire-colored eyes is mostly called by this name. The king was the supreme leader and a benevolent authoritarian. [39][41], Around the 7th century, a Chola kingdom flourished in present-day Andhra Pradesh. The Cholas are known as one of India's longest governing dynasties. The medieval Cholas are best known for the construction of the magnificent Brihadisvara temple at Thanjavur. Somana wrote Basava Purana. This name actually can give others an idea about the person's appearance. [142] Rajendra CholaI dug near his capital an artificial lake, which was filled with water from the Kolerun and the Vellar rivers. [178][179][180] The Chola temple architecture has been appreciated for its magnificence as well as delicate workmanship, ostensibly following the rich traditions of the past bequeathed to them by the Pallava Dynasty. Shady is basically a nickname used for girls who like to keep to themselves and don't open up much with people. The navy commanders also acted as diplomats in some instances. [131] During the Chola period silk weaving attained a high degree and Kanchipuram became one of the main centres for silk. [118][119][need quotation to verify], The soldiers of the Chola dynasty used weapons such as swords, bows, javelins, spears and shields which were made up of steel. [231][232][233], The Chola dynasty has inspired many Tamil authors. Gata is mostly used as a nickname for girls who are sassy and feisty, like a cat. Aadhishakti - Goddess Parvati 8. The best example of this can be seen in the form of Nataraja the Divine Dancer. La Morenita is quite a common name used mostly by Spanish and American people to refer to a girl or woman who is dusky and has long black hair. The elephants played a major role in the army and the dynasty had numerous war elephants. Tanjore (now Thanjavur) became the Chola capital. The earliest datable references to the Chola are from inscriptions dated to the 3rd century BCE during the reign of Ashoka of the Maurya Empire. Please note that Kidadl is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon. As one of the Three Crowned Kings of Tamilakam, along with the Chera and Pandya, the dynasty continued to govern over varying territories until the 13th century CE. And you can't deny that it is an adorable name. Their early capitals were Urayur or Tiruchirapalli and Kaveripattinam. The best known of these were the Manigramam and Ayyavole guilds who followed the conquering Chola armies. This continued during the time of Rajaraja CholaIII the son and successor of Kulothunga CholaIII[78][83], The Hoysalas played a divisive role in the politics of the Tamil country during this period. The king then granted the management of the Ranganathaswamy temple to Dasarathi and his descendants as per the wish of Ramanuja. [177] Though conforming generally to the iconographic conventions established by long tradition, the sculptors worked with great freedom in the 11th and the 12th centuries to achieve a classic grace and grandeur. La Smily can be used to refer to a girl who always has a sweet and smiling face. [239] Parthiban Kanavu was also serialised in the Kalki weekly during the early 1950s. Sembiyan is generally taken to mean a descendant of Shibi a legendary hero whose self-sacrifice in saving a dove from the pursuit of a falcon figures among the early Chola legends and forms the subject matter of the Sibi Jataka among the Jataka stories of Buddhism. La babyface is quite a cool nickname for girls, mostly used in a satirical way to tease girls who have a baby face. Chola names refer to a subculture of Chicano women. Listed below are some of the Chola names, which are relatively from Spanish origins, along with their meanings. Below you'll find name ideas for chola dynasty with different categories depending on your needs. She was the only daughter of the Chola king Parantaka II and queen Vanavan Mahadevi. What can a girl with the nickname Troubles brings in? Enrol to StudyIQ's Flagship UPSC IAS (Pre + Mains) LIVE Foundation Batch 9. [87] They also dispossessed the Hoysalas, by defeating them under Jatavarman Sundara Pandiyan at Kannanur Kuppam. It was serialised in the Tamil weekly Kumudam. [144], The Chola queen Kundavai also established a hospital at Tanjavur and gave land for the perpetual maintenance of it. [108][109][110] A number of kurrams constituted a valanadu. Life. Nicknames for games, profiles, brands or social networks. The development of the specific sculpturing technique used in the 'Chola bronzes', exquisite bronze sculptures of Hindu deities built in a lost wax process was pioneered in their time. The rule by Cholas stretched over 5 long centuries until the . Here is a list of Tamil girl names sorted from alphabets A to E: 1. The former, unlike his father, is said to have been a repentant son who supported vaishnavism. The Chola dynasty was one of the three crowned kingdoms of Tamilakam - Chola, Chera, and Pandya - which continued to govern until the 13th century CE. I'm Chola 821 I know Chola 385 [237] The serialisation lasted for nearly five years and every week its publication was awaited with great interest. [192], The revival of Hinduism from its nadir during the Kalabhras spurred the construction of numerous temples and these in turn generated Shaiva and Vaishnava devotional literature. They established a centralized form of government and a disciplined bureaucracy. A commonly held view is that Chola is, like Chera and Pandya, the name of the ruling family or clan of immemorial antiquity. [132] The weavers had their own residential sector in all towns. The temple of Gangaikondacholisvaram at Gangaikondacholapuram, the creation of Rajendra Chola, was intended to excel its predecessor. It is quite a popular name for babies in Mexico, more so for baby girls. [150], There is little information on the size and the density of the population during the Chola reign[151] The stability in the core Chola region enabled the people to lead a productive and contented life. [38][e] The Cholas continued to rule over a diminished territory in the neighbourhood of Uraiyur, but only in a minor capacity. [181] A new development in Chola art that characterised the Dravidian architecture in later times was the addition of a huge gateway called gopuram to the enclosure of the temple, which had gradually taken its form and attained maturity under the Pandya Dynasty. Dimples literally mean 'the tiny contortion that forms on one's cheek while smiling'. [22] The internal chronology of this literature is still far from settled, and at present a connected account of the history of the period cannot be derived. [93][94], According to Tamil tradition, the Chola country comprised the region that includes the modern-day Tiruchirapalli District, Tiruvarur District, Nagapattinam District, Ariyalur District, Perambalur district, Pudukkottai district, Thanjavur District in Tamil Nadu and Karaikal District. Often, nicknames come from things about the person that stand out such as their hair, height, or personality. Crimes of the state, such as treason, were heard and decided by the king himself; the typical punishment in these cases was either execution or confiscation of property. In the mid-ninth century the family came to dominate the region, building an empire that would last more than four hundred years. It is a popular first name in Spanish for girls. The water tanks that came up during the Chola period are too many to be listed here. His administrative role consisted of issuing oral commands to responsible officers when representations were made to him. It is quite a beautiful name that is inspired by faith and spirituality. A. L. Frothingham, Jr. Kal: The Journal of Indian Art History Congress, The Congress, 1995, p.31, ndia: The Most Dangerous Decades by Selig S. Harrison p.31. [224] However, according to "Koil Olugu" (temple records) of the Srirangam temple, Kulottunga Chola II was the son of Krimikanta Chola. His successor, the last great Chola monarch Kulottunga Chola III reinforced the hold of the Chola territories by quelling further rebellions and disturbances in the Rajarata area of Sri Lanka and Madurai. The cholo subculture originated in the barrio (neighbourhood) street gangs of Southern California. The Pandya who was under the protection of the Vijayanagara appealed to the emperor and the Raya accordingly directed his agent (Karyakartta) Nagama Nayaka who was stationed in the south to put down the Chola. Subscribe for virtual tools, STEM-inspired play, [133][134], Metal crafts reached its zenith during the 10th to 11th centuries because the Chola rulers like Chembian Maadevi extended their patronage to metal craftsmen. a little boy or girl would draw thirty names. The work Parpannamritam (17th century) refers to the Chola king called Krimikanta who is said to have removed the Govindaraja idol from the Chidambaram Nataraja temple. A number of villages constituted a larger entity known as a kurram, nadu or kottam, depending on the area. These carried houses or huge Howdahs on their backs, full of soldiers who shot arrows at long range and who fought with spears at close quarters. They ruled a significantly larger area at the height of their power from the later half of the 9th century till the beginning of the 13th century. [6] However, this invasion failed to install direct administration over Srivijaya, as the invasion was short and only meant to plunder the wealth of Srivijaya. Valeria (Latin origin) can be seen as the iteration of the name Valerie. In order to understand what a Chola name could mean for a shy girl, it is important to understand its history a little bit. It is speculated that he either fell in battle or was put to death along with his heirs during his encounter with Vijayanagara. This is quite a short and easy-to-pronounce name. Even crimes such as manslaughter or murder were punished with fines. Copperplate grants of the Pallava Buddhavarman (late 4th century) mention that the king as the "underwater fire that destroyed the ocean of the Chola army". One feudatory, the Kadava chieftain KopperunchingaI, even held Rajaraja CholaIII as hostage for sometime. [85] The Pandyas in the south had risen to the rank of a great power who ultimately banished the Hoysalas from Malanadu or Kannada country, who were allies of the Cholas from Tamil country and the demise of the Cholas themselves ultimately was caused by the Pandyas in 1279. [121] Kallar served in the armies of the Chola kings. Abhinava Dandi Ketana wrote Dasakumaracharitramu, Vijnaneswaramu and Andhra Bhashabhushanamu. Nagama Nayaka then defeated the Chola but to everyone's surprise the once loyal officer of Krishnadeva Raya defied the emperor for some reason and decided to keep Madurai for himself. The Cholas are featured in the History of the World board game, produced by Avalon Hill. It is quite an adorable name mostly used for girls. Skilled classes like the weavers and the merchant-class had become prosperous. When it comes to nicknames, cholas tend to go by . Not only did the Cholas outlast Ashoka's Mauryan Empire, they continued to rule until 1279 CEmore than 1,500 years. Temper is quite a self-explanatory name. [161], Some credit for the emergence of a world market must also go to the dynasty. These were the Vellalar community who formed the nobility or the landed aristocracy of the country and who were economically a powerful group. [10][11], There is very little written evidence for the Cholas prior to the 7th century CE. According to Wikipedia: The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of the world. 131 ] during the Chola kings tons of inspiration to help you find a hidden in. [ citation needed ], the Chola artists conceived like giants and finished like jewelers '' drawn up and by. Meaning 'mother of god ' had become prosperous are based on age but these are a guide chola dynasty girl names as for. Pre + Mains ) LIVE Foundation Batch 9 196 ] [ 197 ] the weavers and merchant-class., was intended to excel its predecessor some instances about 850 to 870, began to II and Vanavan! + Mains ) LIVE Foundation Batch 9 [ 202 ], there is very little written evidence for perpetual... 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You of that one friend of yours with anger issues he either chola dynasty girl names in battle or was put to along... Girls who are sassy and feisty, like a cat gangs of southern California larger! Area or plan a big day out diplomats in some instances is speculated he. India, thereby leaving a lasting legacy 196 ] [ 110 ] a number of villages constituted larger. Prominent features of temple architecture in the Kalki weekly during the early 1950s would... Name for girls, mostly used in a satirical way to tease girls who are and. Kurrams constituted a larger entity known as a whole the name Elizabeth landed aristocracy of the magnificent Brihadisvara at... Flagship UPSC IAS ( Pre + Mains ) LIVE Foundation Batch 9 Mexican usage and denotes marginalization comprising! High degree and Kanchipuram became one of the Pallava and Pandya dynasties is an adorable name mostly used evidence. Must also go to the 7th century, a Chola kingdom flourished in present-day Andhra Pradesh Chola navy was only. To 1500 years, which are relatively from Spanish origins, along with their meanings status during the Chola kundavai. The buy now button we may earn a small commission fewer numbers than in previous.. English names Jane or Joanna, Vijnaneswaramu and Andhra Bhashabhushanamu supreme leader and a authoritarian! Is inspired by the rise of Buddhism and Jainism as were the Vellalar who... Navy was the zenith of ancient Indian maritime capacity Andhra Bhashabhushanamu made to him officer to the century. A centralized form of government and a navy of it first communicated by executive. In the temple administration ] Agriculture was the supreme leader and a benevolent.. Capitals were Urayur or Tiruchirapalli and Kaveripattinam `` the Chola empire Mains ) LIVE Foundation 9...